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Stanford University Wallet Naming Conventions
Introduction
These are the naming conventions used at Stanford University for
wallet objects. They may not be appropriate for every site using
wallet, but they can serve as a starting point for your site-local
conventions. They are the conventions enforced by
examples/stanford.conf (to the extent it's possible to enforce them).
Object Naming
Keytab
Keytab object names correspond to the principal names in your Kerberos
database, so there's no need for a wallet-specific set of naming
conventions. Apply whatever conventions you apply to the names of
service principals in your KDC.
If you do not already have naming standards for service principals,
you may want to develop some as part of your wallet deployment. We
use the following:
* Per user principals for doing automated things related to an
individual user account are named as instances of the corresponding
user principal. For example, we manage CGI instances for users with
CGI service in the wallet and run CGI scripts with Kerberos tickets
and AFS tokens for that principal. If my account is rra, the CGI
instance is rra/cgi.
* Service principals for campus departments and groups are handled
similarly but start with dept- or group- prefixes respectively. If
there is a campus department named ITS, its CGI instance is
dept-its/cgi.
* Class principals start with class-, then the class code, the section
if relevant, and then the PeopleSoft quarter. So the class aa100,
section 01, in fall quarter of 2008 has a CGI principal named
class-aa100-01-1082/cgi.
* Host-based principals follow the standard naming convention in
Kerberos: service, followed by a slash, followed by the
fully-qualified hostname in all lowercase. For example, the webauth
service on windlord.stanford.edu is webauth/windlord.stanford.edu.
It's very useful to have wallet enforce fully-qualifying the
hostname and giving the hostname in all lowercase, since both are
common errors.
* Other, non-host-based principals that aren't tied to a particular
account and aren't CGI principals for a group, department, or class
have names like service/<service-name> where <service-name> is a
relatively short description of the service that ideally includes
some indication of the responsible department where appropriate. We
use - rather than _ as a separator between components of
<service-name>.
File
File objects pose the most significant challenge to naming since they
can contain just about anything. We require some discussion before
putting a new type of data into a wallet file object, both to see if
it should get its own object type first and to agree on a naming
convention for that type of thing.
All file object names start with a short indicator of the responsible
group, a dash, and then either the short, unqualified hostname (if
they're only used on a single host) or the service name for which that
object is used.
Then, we use the following naming conventions for different types of
objects:
<group>-<service>-db-<name>
Stores the database password for the database named <name>.
<group>-<server>-ssl-key
Stores the SSL X.509 certificate private key for <server>. Use
unix-star-ssl-key for the key for the *.stanford.edu certificate.
The public certificate we manage external to wallet since it
doesn't need to be protected or encrypted.
<group>-<service>-gpg-key
Stores the GnuPG private key for a service that needs to do GnuPG
signing or encryption.
ACL Naming
Currently, there is no naming enforcement for ACLs, so ACL naming has
to be done purely by policy. In a later version of wallet, there will
be support for enforcing ACL naming conventions.
We use the following conventions:
host/<host>
Any object that should be downloadable by either any administrator
of <host> or by the host key itself. An ACL named like this
should have as its contents either:
netdb example.stanford.edu
krb5 host/example.stanford.edu@stanford.edu
or:
netdb-root example.stanford.edu
krb5 host/example.stanford.edu@stanford.edu
Don't use this ACL name for ACLs with other content. Instead, use
one of the other ones below.
group/*
Groups of users. Each ACL line should probably have a scheme of
krb5 and an identifier of a Kerberos principal (which must include
the @stanford.edu portion). Eventually, wallet will support using
PTS groups and Workgroup Manager groups, but for right now this is
how groups are supported.
user/<username>
A keytab that's only downloadable by one particular person.
Double-check that a host/<host> ACL or a group/* ACL wouldn't be
more correct. If this is what's desired, it would have a single
line of scheme krb5 and identifier equal to the user's full
Kerberos principal.
service/<service>
Used for keytabs that should be downloadable by a service, as
opposed to a group of people. Usually this ACL will have lines
like krb5 service/<service>@stanford.edu to let the service
principal download other associated keytabs, but it may contain
other things as well, including administrators for that service so
that they can bootstrap or test. This naming convention should
also be used for ACLs that allow multiple hosts to download the
same object, such as:
netdb-root example.stanford.edu
krb5 host/example.stanford.edu@stanford.edu
netdb-root example-dev.stanford.edu
krb5 host/example-dev.stanford.edu@stanford.edu
Such an ACL would normally be named service/example.
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